C language chapter 1

🟩 Chapter 1: Introduction to C Language

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🔹 1. What is C Language?

• C is a high-level programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell Labs.
• It is the base for many modern languages (like C++, Java, Python, etc.).
• Known as the “mother of all programming languages.”

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🔹 2. Features of C

1. Simple and efficient
2. Structured language (uses functions)
3. Portable (runs on any platform)
4. Fast execution (compiled language)
5. Rich library of built-in functions
6. Low-level access (can interact with hardware)
7. Modular and extensible

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🔹 3. Structure of a C Program

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    printf("Hello, World!");
    return 0;
}

Explanation:

• #include <stdio.h> → header file for input/output
• main() → starting point of program
• printf() → output function
• return 0; → ends the program successfully

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🔹 4. Steps in Program Development

1. Problem definition
2. Algorithm design
3. Flowchart creation
4. Coding
5. Compilation
6. Execution
7. Debugging and testing

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🔹 5. Compilation Process

Source Code → Compiler → Object Code → Linker → Executable File

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